Poetry : Figurative Language, Extrinsic & Intrinsic Elements

 Poetry, The theory in analyzing poetry (Figurative Language, extrinsic and intrinsic elements)

Figurative language or often called the figure of speech is a figure of speech or a meaning that is not true. There are so many examples of the figure of speech, such as irony, hyperbole, litotes and others. I will explain four examples of figurative language that is allegory, simile, metaphor and personification.

1. Allegory

Allegory is a figure of speech that is expressed in other ways, through allegories or depictions. Usually by way of describing something or make an analogy with the natural character or what exists in nature.

Example 1:

The journey of human life like a river flowing down the cliffs, which are sometimes difficult to predict the depth, which is willing to accept all the garbage, and ultimately stopped when he met with the sea. The journey of life is described by the flow of water from the river to the sea.

Example 2:

Marriage is like a fragile ship sailed in a sea full of waves will ripple and other stressful things. If we are not careful, can be misdirected and do not know the way home. Or, if less powerful, the ship could have destroyed more vicious hit by waves in the ocean. Strengthen and renew quality ship captain is the best way to survive.
Married -> Ark in the ocean
We illustrate that getting married is not always 'happy', people who get married like an ark on the ocean. Can encounter many obstacles and trials

2. Simile

A disclosure explicitly stated by comparison with a preposition and liaison, like, like, for instance, like, like, like. We express directly to 'compare' A and B directly, but first interspersed with words like, like etc.

example:

- Your face is like the moon that shines at night.

- The girl was like a new roses in bloom.

- Our relationship like oil and water.

The difference between allegory and simile visible depiction of explicit or not we give. In Allegory, the depiction of which we compare the implicit and more with respect to anything that exists in nature before. While in simile, directly compared.

example:

- His heart is soft as snow - simile

Soft heart immediately pictured with 'snow'. Without providing additional information about the characteristics / sifat2 snow as in allegory. If in Allegory, we bring sifat2 and natural characteristic was the comparison that we make.

3. Metaphor

Meta are from two words: describe the change, and Phor derived from the word meaning pherein carry.

Metaphor = bring change, bringing new meaning.

Metaphors make a comparison, but does not use the words: like, like, like.

example:

- Leeches Land, Butterfly Night.
- You are my heart hemisphere.

4. Personification

Disclosure by using human behavior given to something that is not human. Or in other words, we assume that an object is alive.

example:

- Rain danced above critical
- The wind was very strong as if to bring me go away from here.
- The old train roared amid the silence of the night

Extrinsic & Intrinsic Elements

Poetry is the language of literature variance bound by the rhythm, dimension, rhyme, and the preparation of lines and stanzas. To determine the intrinsic and extrinsic elements of poetry, we have to read in detail and a full appreciation of the poem. Well, I will explain what are the elements of poetry intrinsic and extrinsic elements of poetry. Immediately, we see more ... ..
Intrinsic Elements of Poetry

Intrinsic elements of poetry are elements derived from the text of the poem. The intrinsic elements of a poem includes:
1. Themes (sense) is the main idea of ​​the poem, either express or implied.

2. Typography is also called carving forms of poetry. Typography is the order of the array, temple, sentences, phrases, words and sounds to produce a physical form that is capable of supporting content, taste and atmosphere.

3.  Mandate (intention) or the message is something to convey the poet through his work.

4. Tone (tone), the attitude of the poet to the reader, such as humility, patronizing, dictate, persuasive, and others.

5. Taste or touch feeling emotional is the writing in the form of satisfaction, surprise, sadness, anger or another.

6. Feeling (feeling) is the attitude of the author of the theme (subject matter) in his poem, for example, sympathetic, consistent, happy, sad, disappointed, and others.

7. Enjambemen is cutting a sentence or phrase at the end of the array, then put a piece of it at the beginning of the next array. The goal is to put pressure on certain parts or as a liaison between the part that precedes the next section.

8. Concrete words (imagination) is the use of the words right (good diction) or meaningful denotation by the poet.

9. Diction is the choice of words used to express feelings in poetry.

Akulirik is a character I (poet) in poetry.

11. Rima is pengindah poetry in the form of repetition of sounds good beginning, middle and end.

12. Verification is a form of rhyme (rhyme in poetry, in the beginning, in the middle, and at the end); Ritma (high-low, long-short, loud-weak sound).

13. Figure of speech is how the poet describes his thoughts through a style that is beautiful in the form of poetry.

14. Imagery (pengimajian) are images in the mind, or the poet's fantasy picture. Each image is called the image or images of the mind (image). The mental image is an effect in mind that closely resembles the image generated by the arrest us for an object that can be seen by the eye (sense of sight).

Extrinsic elements Poetry

Poetry extrinsic elements are elements that are outside the manuscript poems. Can be derived from the inner poet or writer tempai environment that poetry writing poetry. Here are the types of extrinsic elements of poetry:

1. Biography is a background element or author biography.
2. Value element in the story, such as economic, political, social, customs, culture, and others. 
3. Social element is the social situation when the poem was made.

Referensi :  https://dyazafryan.wordp.com/author/dyazafryan18/